O a mea e ta'ua osese-Earths?
O eleele e le masani ai, e lauiloa foi o elemene eleele e le masani ai, e faasino i elemene e 17 i luga o le laulau faavaitaimi e aofia ai le faasologa o le lanthanide mai numera atomika 57, lanthanum (La) i le 71, lutetium (Lu), faaopoopo scandium (Sc) ma yttrium (Y) .
Mai le igoa, e mafai e se tasi ona manatu o nei mea e "seasea," ae i le tulaga o tausaga faʻaitiitia (le fua faatatau o faʻaagaga faʻamaonia i le gaosiga faʻaletausaga) ma lo latou mamafa i totonu o le eleele, e sili atu le tele nai lo le taʻitaʻia poʻo le zinc.
E ala i le fa'aogaina lelei o eleele e le masani ai, e mafai e se tasi ona fa'amoemoe suiga tetele i tekinolosi masani;suiga e pei o tekinolosi fou e ala i galuega fou ua maua, faʻaleleia atili i le tumau i mea faʻavae ma faʻaleleia atili le malosi mo masini eletise ma masini.
E uiga i Lare-Earth Oxides
Ole Rare-Earth Oxides Group e ta'ua i nisi taimi e na'o le Rare Earths po'o nisi taimi ole REO.O nisi u'amea o le eleele e le masani ai ua maua le tele o fa'aoga i lalo i le eleele i metallurgy, ceramics, fai tioata, vali, lasers, televise ma isi vaega eletise.O le taua o u'amea o le eleele e mautinoa lava o lo'o fa'atupula'ia.E tatau foi ona amanaia, faapea foi, o le tele o mea e seasea ona maua i le eleele ma mea tau alamanuia o oxides, pe maua mai i oxides.
E tusa ai ma le tele ma le faʻaaogaina o alamanuia faʻapitoa o oxides eleele e le masani ai, o lo latou faʻaaogaina i faʻamalama faʻapipiʻi (e pei o le tolu auala taʻavale catalysis), i fale faʻataʻitaʻi faʻataʻitaʻi (fausia tioata, teuteu poʻo le valivali, tioata tioata ma isi mea faʻatatau), ma tumau. e tusa ma le 70% o le fa'aogaina o vaila'au oona eleele e seasea maua.O isi mea taua tau alamanuia e aafia ai le u'amea (fa'aaogaina e fai ma fa'aopoopoga i Fe po'o Al u'amea u'amea), ceramics (aemaise i le tulaga o le Y), fa'aoga fa'amalama (i foliga o phosphors), pei o mea fa'apipi'i maa, po'o le malo. sela suauu oxide, ma isi.E le gata i lea, ae e le itiiti ifo le taua, o loʻo i ai ni faʻaoga maualalo, e pei o le faʻaogaina o mea faʻaola ole nanoparticulated system o loʻo i ai oxides eleele e le masani ai mo togafitiga o le kanesa poʻo faʻailoga e iloa ai le tumoral, poʻo le faʻaogaina o le la mo le puipuiga o le paʻu.
E uiga i Fa'aele'ele Seseasea
Ole mama maualuga Fa'alelalolagi e maua mai i oa ile auala nei: fa'atonuga fa'aletino (fa'ata'ita'iga, fa'afefeteina), fa'amama, fa'amamāina vaifofo e ala ile fa'ameamea, vavae'ese eleele e seasea maua e ala ile fa'asusuina o le solvent, fa'aputuga fa'aputuga o le eleele.Mulimuli ane, o nei tuufaatasiga e fausia ai le carbonate, hydroxide, phosphates ma fluorides.
E tusa ma le 40% o le gaosiga o le eleele e le masani ai o loʻo faʻaaogaina i foliga uʻamea-mo le faia o maneta, eletise maa, ma uʻamea.O u'amea e faia mai mea fa'apipi'i o lo'o i luga e ala i le fa'aogaina o le masima masima masima ma le fa'aitiitia o le vevela fa'atasi ai ma mea fa'aitiitiga u'amea, mo se fa'ata'ita'iga, calcium po'o le lanthanum.
E masani ona fa'aaogaina eleele seasea i mea nei:
●Magnets (e oo atu i le 100 maneta i le taavale fou)
● Catalysts (ta'avale afi ma ta'e suauu)
● Pa'u fa'aiila tioata mo lau televise ma tisiki e teu ai fa'amatalaga tioata
● Ma'a e mafai ona toe fa'aaogaina (aemaise mo ta'avale fefiloi)
● Photonics (luminescence, fluorescence ma masini fa'alautele moli)
● Maneta ma photonics e fa'amoemoe e fa'atupula'ia tele i nai tausaga o lumana'i
UrbanMines o lo'o tu'uina atu se fa'amaumauga fa'apitoa o fa'aputuga mama maualuga ma maualuga maualuga.O le taua o Rare Earth Compounds e tupu malosi i le tele o tekinolosi autu ma e le mafai ona suia i le tele o oloa ma gaioiga gaosiga.Matou te tuʻuina atu Rare Earth Compounds i togi eseese e tusa ai ma manaʻoga o tagata taʻitoʻatasi, lea e avea ma mea taua i pisinisi eseese.
O le a le mea e masani ona fa'aogaina ai Rare-Earths?
O le fa'aoga muamua fa'apisinisi o 'ele'ele e seasea fa'aaogaina mo le ma'a i moli.I lena taimi, e leʻi atinaʻeina le tekonolosi mo le vavaeeseina ma le faʻamamaina, o lea na faʻaaogaina ai le faʻafefiloi o le tele o le eleele ma elemene masima poʻo le misch metal (alloy) e leʻi suia.
Mai le vaitausaga o le 1960, na mafai ai ona tuueseeseina ma toe faaleleia ma ua iloagofie ai meatotino o loo iai i totonu o eleele taʻitasi.Mo a latou pisinisi, sa fa'aaogaina muamua e fai ma phosphors paipa cathode-ray mo TV felanulanua'i ma luga o tioata mata'utia meapueata maualuga.Ua latou saofagā i le faʻaitiitia o le lapopoa ma le mamafa o komepiuta, mea pueata numera, masini faʻalogo ma isi mea e ala i lo latou faʻaogaina i maneta tumau maualuga ma maa toe faʻaaogaina.
I tausaga talu ai nei, ua latou maua le gauai atu o se mea mata mo le hydrogen-absorbing alloys ma magnetostriction alloys.
